Improvement



' UNITED STATES PATENT? Carica..

`HENRY A. Gone, or GosHEN, INDIANA.

IMPROVEMENT in MACHINES PoR RouNoiNc ANo DRESSING |RRtGu LARAND REGULAR FORMS.

VSpec,ii'icatioii forming part ot'Lctters Patent No. l0ll,578,ldated .lune 21, ISTO.

To all whom 'itmay concern.- u

Be it known that I, HENRY A'. Goan, of' Goshen, in the county of' Elkhart and State `ofIndiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements i'n Machines for Rounding I. `and Dressing Regular and Irregular Forms; and I do hereby declare the following to be a` full, clear, and `exact hdescription thereof', reference being had-tothe accompanying drawings ofthe saine, makingpart of this specifica;

tion, and in Whichf Figure 1 represents a plan or top View ot' a `machineembracing my improvements. Fig. 2 represents a verticalsection of the machine,

taken at the line` was of Fig..1,thelobliqiie rounding and dressing saws and their mandrels being shownin elevation. Fig.'3 represeuts on an enlargedpscale an elevation of the oblique roundingawsand their mandrels, the

gage being shown in section, and also a por- `tionof thejarti'cle bein-g retarded-andthe pattern. Fig. 4 representsa' plan or topview of the lower ofthe twoA oblique rounding-cutters,

showing its peculiar form, corresponding in scale `to Fig.`3. Fig. 5 represents a view in perspective of a pattern for rounding and dress- .':ing fellies. Fig. 6 represents a viewin perspectivc of one of the fellies of a wheel as produced by my improved pattern. Fig. 7 represents a crosssection ofthe double-tongued pattern as secured tothe material to be rounded'. Fig. 8 represents a planof a pattern constructed toform plow-beams. 'Fig 9 represents a plan'of a plow-beam as linislied vby my iinproved pattern. v p v My invention relates to machines for dressing and shaping regular `and irregularforins, employment ot oblique` saws of irregular shape, in their'arrangement relatively to each other, and .to the construcandiit consists in the tion of their serrated edges or cutting-teeth 5 also,iu the constructiouot'- au adjustable gage; and, finally, in the employment of a pattern of peculiar construction. 1 v In the accompanying drawings the frame-of the-machine consists 'oa table, supported by Suitable frame-work, B, for sustaining the 1 mandrels of tlieshaping and dressing saws. Two-sets of saws or serrated plates are represented in the machine, one set consisting of I two saws, C, placed obliquel)r upon their mandrel D for thepurposc ofroundingand dressi ing material of difterent forms, and the other set consisting of three saws, E, designed to dress square surfaces, and are also secured lobliquely1 upon their niandrels F. Y These several sets of saws are secured upon horizontal or vertical mai'id'rels so as to project vbeyond the table to receive the material to be rounded, squared, and dressed.

The first set of saws, C, are secured upon the end otA-the mandrel D at suitable distances apart, obliquelv to the axis thereof', parallel to each other, and securely clamped by collars c, their adjacent surfaces corresponding in form to the oblique position of the saws. The'saws thus arranged are clamped between a shoulder, d, and a screw-nut, e, on the endfof the mandrel, fitted with a screw-thread to receive said nut. ,',Thesesaws, while being relatively to each other ot' the same size, are not, how `ever, of the sanie'diameter throughout their 1..'ircunitei'ence,but are tlat-tened-v on one side of their diameter, as represented at g in Fig. toit' the drawi'n gs-a-that is tosay, one halt', or thereabout, of the cutting-edge ot' these saws is coincident wth 'a circle, It, whose center is the axis ofthe mandrel, while the other half, ory

thereabout, is ot' equal radiuswith the first, but is not coincident'with the axis of the mandrei,I being eccentric therewith, so as to bring the cutting-edge of this portion within the circumference of thev circle li of the first halt' ot' the cutting-edge, thereby forming a saw having one of its sides flattened or reduced in diameter. rEhe amount -ot this reduction of the diameterin one side of the saws .is shown by the red line It in Fig. 4, and this diminution or flattening is diametrically opposite to the cone centric portion of the. saw. The saws tliusconstructed of diminished diameter on one side are not arranged so that their cutting-edges wfill be flush with aline parallel to the axis ot" 4the mandrel, but they are placed in reverse positions to each other, so that the flattened portion g` of one ofthe saws will be opposite the full diameter ot' the other, thus causing that portion of each saw .having the full diameter to extend beyond that portion ot' the saw of diminished diameter, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

It willbeseen thatthe saws thusconst'ructcd [and arranged would not operateit their cutting-edges were parallel to the axis of the mandrel. The teeth, therefore, are of peculiar construction, those only of the middle of the flattened portion of each cutter being parallel, or thereabout, to the axis ot' the mandrel, as shown at g, Figs. 1.and 3, while those of the opposite portion of the saw having its cuttin g-teeth coincident with a circle whose cen'- ter is the axis of the mandrel are v beveled oi' at an angle to the axis of the mandrel, as shown at i, Figs. 2 and 3. The teeth of the ilattened portion g gradually change the angle of their cutting-ed ge as they approach the fulldiameter side of the saw, `and the beveled, teeth z' of the opposite side gradually change the angle of their inclination as they approach the. teeth of the tiattened portion g of the saw, so as to present to the material a series vof chisel-edges varying in their inclination' to a greater er less extent, which cut and dress a rounding surface, as represented in Figs. 2 and 3. The etiect of these irregularly-shaped oblique saws G, revolving upon their mandrel D, itwill be seen, will be to produce a round from a 4square surface, the datteued or reduced portion g ot the saws operating' to cut and form that part of the curve nearest the axis ot' the mandrel, while the other portion of the saws, having the full diameter, will cut and round that part of the curve of the materia] farthest from, the axis of the mandrel, and thus produce a molding or curve of the required form, the" angles or inclinations of the teeth of the saws changing as the latter revolve to correspond to the curvo being out and dressed.' The degree of obliquity which the-sawsmain.. tain to the axis of the mandrel should besuch as that the distance or depth-between their greatest projecting edges, embraced between two parallel lines at right angles to the axis of the mandrel, shall 'be equal to the thicknessof the material to be rounded,.whereby the surface to he operated upon will be equally divided between the two cutters, asfshown by the blue lines in Figs. Zand 3. The saw next to the table traverses from the under side to the middle of tlre thickness of thematerial, and the outer saw commences where the other leaves ofi, and cuts or shapes the outer or remaining half ot' the material, and thus they shape and dress the material at one and the same operation, without changing th'e latter or reversing its position upon the pattern.

Round forms or moldings of any desired curve may be cut by making the saws of the required irregular shape and beveliu g the teeth accordingly. I also propose to use one or more saws, according to the work te he done, and tc vary the degree of Obliquity ofthe saws whenlfv ever desired.

A sufficient space is left between the table Av and the oblique saws U to receive an adjust able gage, G, having a slot, j, through which the mandrel passes, and another slot, k,0n one side of the mandrel, through which a clampingscrew, H, passes into the table, in order that it may he adjusted to regulate the depth to which the saws shall penetrate in cutting andshaping the material, by gaging the distance of said material from the saws, and for making the material being' rounded larger or smaller than the pattern. The other or outer'end of this gage G is constructed with a projecting tongueor lip, l, so as to form a recess, m, bctween it and the table A, for a purpose tobe presently described. The end or tongue Z of the gage G is convex, having a curve whose center is theaxis ot' the mandrel, and may be of any suitable material; but I prefer to make it of wood. having its actin-g endv shod with a metallic plate, as shown' in Fig. 3, to prevent it from wearing away. llhe pattern I, used in connection with this gage G, is of peculiar construction, having a tongue, n, formed upon oneor both sides thereof, so as to tit within -the recess m, formed in the gage between the 'projecting tongue. l and the table for`the purpose of holding the pattern I to the table, and

thus prevent it from jumping from its seat unside I thereof', as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, so

that this portion of the pattern against which the tongue l acts lserves as the guide or pattern for the material, and enables me to cut said material rounding lwithout cutting into the pattern. The pattern, ot' course, must be the counterpart of the form which it is desired the material should have when finished; and in the examples of patterns represented one i s for producing the t'ellies of wheels and the other plow-beams. In these'two articles it will be seen that the pattern is construted so as to round and square at the same time and by the samesaws of irregular shape, the projections 1' on the pattern forming the square portions s on the inner side of the felly around the opcnin gs for the spokes, so that the irregular-shaped saws will round andsquare at one and the same operation, and by the same pattern;

- The saws or serrated plates E, for dressing the square sides ot' the material, are of equal diameter, and are secured upontheir mandrel F at suitable distances apart obliquely to the axis thereof, parallel, vto each other, and securely clamped by collars corresponding in form to the oblique position of the saws, so

that their cutting-edges will be' in a vertical plane parallel to the axis ofthe mandrel. The cutters, being arranged oblique to the axis of the mandrel, will traverse and dress the surface to be squared, and their distances apart may be increased or diminished by collars ot greater or less thickness; or the saws may be increased or diminished in number for the purpose of dressing and squaring materials of dit'- 'ferent thickness. y

A gage, J, is secured to the table and adjusted in the same manner as the gage ot' the rounding-cutters; but it differs in construction `fronnithc latterin havinga plaiurouud end only against'which the patternv acts to regulate the depth of fthe cut by gagiug the distance ofthe materialfrom the saws.

` The materialtojbe squared or rounded is placed upon and secured to the pattern by pins p t, projecting from the upper surface ofthe latter, as shown in Figs..5"and Softhe drawings,

` i so that the'material projects beyond the pat-l tern the .distance required to be reduced vor dressed; i n

The mandrels and` their saws are driven by bandsxleading from t pulleys K to the motive power.

L The shiipingmachinesnow in use-are const-ructed withbits or knives and gouges; and *itis necessaryto havetwo heads of such cutters revolving inv right and left directions, because' 'with such bits or knives the material cannot be, cut across -the grain, and it is necessary, therefnrato change from one tothe othrtol cut with the -g'rain of the material, a'nd if-thematerial is to be inished part roundand part squareitis necessary to change thecutters undrpatterns and go through the same ,eperationagaim There is also great In the operation oi' this machine the article to be'dressed and rounded isfirst cut of the required shapeirom the plank or material and secured to the pattern placed .upon the table,

as shown in the example inFig. 1,' and moved back and forth against `the saws, the pattern, 4

when'uscd, being always in contact with the gage. In this Way, when `articles of square form are to be dressed :they are pressed and held by thehands' to the squaringfsaws, andv when curved or round articles are to be formed they arepresented'to-the irregular rounding saws, -andthu's change froirrfone-.to the other, and shape both sides ofthe articleby the same pattern and by the sainemotion oyt' the saws.

Having described my invention,`I claim- 1. The arrangement upon a table, A, ot the vertical mandrels D F, with their `saws C E, and gages G J, the several parts constructed and operatingas and'for the purpose specified.

2. Thecombinatiou of theirregularly-shaped oblique saws herein `described with the adjustable gage 1G, substantially as and for the rpurpose specified.` i l 3. The gage G, constructed with,a tongue,

l, in combination with 'a pattern constructed Substantiallyas before described.

Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.,` i I Y l HENRYA. GORE.

Witnesses;

DANiEL HABERsrIcH, :FREDERXCK HoWENs'rINF. 

